The objective of this study is to comparatively evaluate the oxygen transfer coefficient of a sewage treatment plant to which a Micro-Nano Bubbles (MNB) reactor is applied for effective operation and improvement in the treatment efficiency with the existing General Bubbles (GB) reactor, and to present an effective operation plan using biological treatment when applying an MNB reactor to a sewage treatment plant by calculating the bacterial growth coefficient to identify its effect on microorganisms. Supply of air using an MNB reactor not only is expected to greatly increase the DO concentration of the bioreactor and the treated water as its underwater oxygen dissolution efficiency is high but also is thought to be very efficient when treating water as the operation time until the DO concentration reaches an appropriate level can be greatly reduced. The maximum substrate utilization rates (Kms) were shown to be 3.41 day-1 in the GB reactor and 7.07 day-1 in the MNB reactor, and, as the result of calculating μmax.H showed values of 1.62 day-1 and 3.36 day-1, respectively. It is therefore believed that increase in KLa using a MNB reactor has a high effect on the substrate utilization rate and cell production by increasing the rate of oxygen utilization by microbes.

Despite the increasing interest in maintaining individuals’ healthy life in the midst of a rapidly aging society, people experience greater rates of visual function impairment and various eye diseases causing such results. Thus, the ratio of the population using medical aids such as glasses and contact lenses has been continuously increasing. [1~3] The recent studies show that ocular diseases such as myopia or reflexes, which are the main causes of decreased visual function, can be treated for partially restored visual function or improved visual function through visual function training. [4~5]
This study provides a visual function reinforcement training design using the pupil recognition program that effectively prevents the prevalent refractory ophthalmologic disorders impairing visual function with customized diagnosis and prevention of refractive ocular diseases, customized treatment of visual function, and analysis and management of treatment effect data collection.

Metals partial substitution of Sn and Ti with K in cryptomelane manganese oxide octahedral molecular sieve nanobelts (OMS-2 NBs) leads to the formation of K0.4Sn0.6Mn8O16 and K0.45Ti0.55Mn8O16 nanobelts (Sn-OMS-2NBs and Ti-OMS-2NBs). The synthesis follows a reflux route KMnO4 and MnCO3 in acid medium, followed by hydrothermal technical with SnCl2.2H2O for Sn-OMS-2NBs and TiCl2 for Ti-OMS-2NBs at 150 °C. XRD, EDS, SEM, TEM and HR-TEM techniques were used to characterize the as-synthesized NBs. The electrochemical properties of as-prepared NBs were comparatively studied as anodic materials in Li-ion battery. Modifications of OMS-2 structure via substitution with Ti or K ions at the octahedral sites further improve the insertion-extraction process of lithium cation, especially in the case of Sn-OMS-2NBs. High specific capacity and low resistances affords in a term of galvanostatic charge-discharge and EIS analysis. This result can also be open research to get electrochemical efficiency, especially the metal oxides- alloy octahedral molecular sieve hold formidable potentiality for performing in the storage energies.