Thalassemias (Thal) are inherited blood disorders that cause the body to make fewer healthy red blood cells and less hemoglobin. These disorders lead to significant complications, including iron overload, bone deformities and cardiovascular illness. The mortality and morbidity associated with of β thalassemia vary according to the severity of the disease and the quality of care provided. Severe cases of β thalassemia major are fatal if not treated properly.\nThe most common conventional diagnostic methods for Thal are complete blood count (CBC) followed by electrophoresis and molecular diagnostic methods, such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) genotyping. These methods involve sophisticated instrumentations and are therefore cumbersome and expensive.\nThe innovative spectral detection method proposed in this report is aimed at discriminating the paediatric Thal patients from healthy children based on the fluorescence spectra of a set of biomolecules (tyrosine, tryptophan, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, and flavin adenine dinucleotide and porphyrins) found in blood components. The report , based on the spectral features of such biomolecules of blood components of 30 Thal children and 15 age adjusted normal controls ,demonstrates a very good level of classification with sensitivity and specificity values exceeding 90%. This new technique could be of significant value for Thal detection, diagnosis, and subsequent genetic counselling and could be adapted for use in small primary health centres.

The mathematical modeling aimed at getting the parameters of a digital servomotor is made using the tools offered by MatLab/Simulink®. This is the first time that the idea of making an “intelligent servomotor” that can solve some of the problems that the developers of robotics must face nowadays is stated. This work is centered on getting parameters that will be used (in future work) for the implementation of simulations of different types of controllers that will replace the current proportional control present in a servomotor.

Grisland is a parallel genetic algorithm implemented on a omputational system that has as its goal finding optimal solutions close to the Travelling Salesman Problem. Grisland bases its work on the Islands and Grids parallel genetic models and on local 2-opt.\noptimization heuristics as well.\nThis document implements, for the Grisland model, different variants of genetic operators to compare them among themselves to find the appropriate combination that favors lowering the quantity of iterations and the time, in order to find optimal solutions close to the Travelling Salesman Problem. The effciency of operators is tested on a set of problems present in the TSPLIB standard library and the results can be confronted with the ones exhibited by other authors.

One dimensional initial-boundary delay pseudo-parabolic problem is being\nconsidered. To solve this problem numerically, we construct higher order\ndifference method for approximation to the considered problem and obtain the\nerror estimate for its solution. Based on the method of energy estimate the\nfully discrete scheme is shown to be convergent of order four in space and\nof order two in time. Numerical example is presented.

In this paper, we introduce the notions of $L$-fuzzy\nquasi-uniformities, $L$-fuzzy topologies and $L$-fuzzy interior\noperators. We study some relationships among previous spaces. In\nparticular, we investigate the\n $L$-fuzzy\nquasi-uniformities induced by $L$-fuzzy topologies and $L$-fuzzy\ninterior operators. We give their examples.

Let f be an analytic function in the unit disc |z|<1 on the complex\nplane C. This paper is devoted to obtaining the correspondence\nbetween f(z) and zf\'(z) at the point w, 0<|w|=R<1 such that |f(w)|=\nmin{|f(z)|: |z|= R}. Several applications of the main result are\npresented. A part of them improve the previous results of this type.

Background: A lot of research demonstrated variant kind of histone\ndeacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) can induce co- stimulator immune molecules and\nMHC related molecules expression in cancer cell. This study aimed to\ninvestigate the alterations of tumour-associated antigens and immune molecules\nin exosomes of hepatoma cells before and after treatment with HDACi valproic\nacid （VPA）.\nMethods: Expression of HLA-I and II, NY-ESO and CD40, CD80, CD86\nimmune molecules of exosomes secreted by HepG2 before and after VPA\n2\ntreatment were detected by semi-quantitative Western blot. Amounts of\nexosomes was also analysed by detection of the activity of acetylcholinesterase.Results: After VPA treatment, the amount and total proteins of exosomes are\nincreased significantly in HepG2 cells. Protein contents of NY-ESO and\nimmune molecules, such as CD40, CD80, CD86, HLA-I and HLA-II, is also\nincreased significantly in exosomes after treatment of HepG2 with VPA.\nConclusion: VPA modified hepatoma cells can secret much more exosomes, in\nwhich total proteins, proteins of tumor-associated and immune-related\nmolecules are increased significantly. VPA modified exosomes can be as a\ntherapeutic, epigenetic, sub-cellular vaccine.

In this paper, we define the pairs of negations and implications.\nWe construct pseudo t-norms, pseudo t-conorms and generalized\nresiduated lattics from pairs of negations and implications.\nMoreover, we investigate their properties and give examples.

This article is based on a research project on learning the meaning of fractional numbers\nin adult students, based on a cognitive pedagogical model with an approach on multimodal\nand meaningful learning. The study’s goal was that students in a public educational\ninstitution for adults in Bogot´a, Colombia, linked living experiences and real life situations\nin the solving of problems with fractional numbers.\nThrough a diagnostic evaluation, the difficulties students had were detected; this allowed\nto establish the objectives; then, the workshops and didactic guidelines were designed.\nThey helped students better their knowledge of the use of the concept of fraction. To\nverify the fulfillment of the objectives a final evaluation was created where results were\nobtained and measured. The analysis of the results of the project showed significant\nadvances in students in the solution of problems using fractions.

In this sudy, we define the generalized Mannheim Curves in 5-dimensional Euclidean Space and obtain the caracterizations of the generalized Mannheim curves.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the economic and employment effects of Chinese tourist consumption on Taiwanese service-related industries after aviation deregulation, and to explore whether aviation deregulation alleviated the economic predicament caused by the global financial crisis. The empirical results of this study showed the evidence that aviation deregulation produced the highest impact on tourism-related industries. Subsequent to the drastically increased number of Chinese tourists, the overall economic spillover effect exerted on tourism-related industries accounted for 53.64% of the total economic spillover effect on all service-related industries. The induced income from employment and number of employees in tourism-related industries accounted for 55.33% of the overall induced income from employment and 68.69% of the number of employees in service-related industries. Although this study examined the economic effects produced by aviation deregulation, aviation deregulation is not the only consideration for an economic perspective regarding transport policy changes. Liberalization and globalization have engendered economic prosperity in the region and also led to regional non-economic conflicts. Aviation deregulation between Taiwan and China requires additional consideration and planning from numerous aspects.

In this paper, the quantum nonlocal correlation between a two-level atom and coherent field is described quantitatively in terms of multi-photon and Kerr-like medium. Especially,\nconsidering a two-level atom interacts with a multimode of quantized field in a coherent state and taking into account the number of photons transition. The squeezing of information\nentropy is studied during the time evolution. The effect of different system parameters on the evolution of quantum entanglement measured by the von Neumann entropy and entropy\nsqueezing is examined. The results show that the enhancement of the transitions very useful for generating of high amount of entanglement and squeezing of the information entropy for the system under consideration. Finally, the physical interpretation of the correlation behaviors between the subsystems is explained through the statistical properties of the field.

Background: Anthropometric parameters at birth, particularly, the birthweight are widely used indicators of newborn health and neonatal mortality. This study aims to evaluate the effect of residence at high lands on the anthropometric measurements of newborns in Taif province, Saudi Arabia (moderate altitude area) to provide guidelines for neonatal assessment in high lands.\nMethods: A cross-sectional study included 1534 newborns in Taif city (2000 to 2400 meter above sea level), Western Province of Saudi Arabia, collected in a period of one year, from Sept. 2012 through Sept. 2013. The newborns and their mothers were subjected to various measurements of body dimensions and body weight. The data were developed in comparison with the international growth references and national populations residing at sea level. \nResults: The study showed that the birthweight and birth length of Taif newborns are significantly lower than those of international standards and those of newborns residing at sea level, in Saudi Arabia. Also, there was high incidence of low birth weight (15.6%) and preterm babies (20.9%) in Taif newborns. \nConclusion: High altitude reduces, significantly, the birthweight and birth length independent of other affecting factors. Other risk factors appear to influence newborn measures at high altitude in much the same way as at other altitudes. Effect of residence at high altitude on the prematurity rate needs further investigations.

The present study was set to investigate the role of (a) etymology, (b) Farsi translation and (c) gender in idiom remembering and acquisition. Seventy male and female homogenous intermediate Iranian EFL learners were randomly assigned to two groups called EG (Etymology Group) and TG (Translation Group). A pretest was administered on both groups in order to measure the participants’ knowledge of idioms prior to the treatment. Thirty idiomatic expressions were taught to EG through etymology, the same idiomatic expressions were taught to TG through Farsi (participants’ first language) as well. After the treatment phase, a posttest was administered to both groups in order to measure the gains. The findings revealed that etymology instruction was more effective than Farsi translation as a method of teaching idioms to EFL learners while gender did not play a very crucial role in remembering idioms.

Through a model of open economy where a current account is determined by consumption smoothing, social planning objective and budget deficit due to tax smoothing from fiscal authorities, we try to determine if the twin deficit and Ricardian equivalence hypotheses apply for Colombia. Common consideration of both optimization problems leads to a very simple\nrelationship between current account, budget deficit and investment rate, posited by Roubini and modified by Andersen. With this model and with a cointegration and cointegration error\ntest, with data for Colombia we estimate the long and short term determiners for current\naccounts.

Although the traditional method of teaching vaginal delivery at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of King Abdulaziz University (KAU) through lecture and observation in the labor room seems to be helpful for students’ learning, it was insufficient to elicit student satisfaction.Objectives- This study aims to evaluate the effect of using a birth simulator during teaching vaginal delivery versus observation of normal labor at the labor room on students’ satisfaction and learning.Materials and Methods- Utilizing birth simulator was included in the curriculum of Obstetrics and Gynecology’s undergraduate clerkship taught to the fifth-year medical students during 2013 in addition to the routine lectures and observation of real vaginal delivery in the labor room. A cross sectional study using a questionnaire was conducted to explore students’ satisfaction and learning with this method.Results- The majority of the respondents showed significant satisfaction as well as self-reported learning of normal labor using a birth simulator (NOELLE) compared with the simple observation at labor room.Conclusion- Teaching vaginal delivery using the NOELLE birth simulator improved student learning and satisfaction compared to the simple observation of real labor at the labor room-

Direct Mathematical calculations for the absolute efficiency of well-type gamma ray scintillation crystals are described. Calculated detection efficiencies are drawn for two commonly used well crystals. Comparisons are made between present work and published Monte Carlo values. This method proved quite success in predicting the efficiency of certain detectors providing only the geometry and materials of the system formed of source, detector and shielding as well as the energy of the emitted rays.

Abstract\nIntroduction and research problem: Diabetic patients have an increased risk of developing functional disabilities. Hand function in diabetes is influenced by a variety of pathologies. Much less attention has been given to the hand. So, the objective of this study was to evaluate hand grip strength (HGS), nerve conduction velocity (NCV) and the correlation between both variables and the duration of diabetes in type 2 diabetic patients.\nResearch methodology: Thirty type 2 diabetic patients with their age range from 45 to 55 years and BMI between 25-29.9 kg/m2 in addition to thirty age-matched normal subjects participated in this study. Both groups were evaluated for HGS and NCV of the median nerve of the dominant hand. After collecting data, statistical analysis was done.\nMain results: There was a statistically significant difference regarding the mean HGS for the dominant hand of the study group versus the control group, and the mean motor NCV of the median nerve in the study group versus the control group (p<0.0001). There was a high positive correlation between HGS and NCV of the median nerve in the study group (r= 0.88).there was a negative correlation between the duration of diabetes and both HGS and NCV (r= -0.84) and (r= -0.76) respectively.\nConclusion and recommendations: There is a concomitant reduction in HGS and NCV in type 2 diabetic patients and this reduction was negatively correlated to the duration of diabetes. Therefore, incorporating HGS evaluation and training at the earlier stages may help in preventing complications and functional disability in those patients.

The series expansion method (SEM) via local fractional derivative for solving the non-homogeneous transport equations in fractal porous media is investigated in this manuscript. We imply that the reported solutions to describe better the real phenomenon of the transport theory in porous media.

Existing medical collaboration platforms for patients’ medical data collection require a great deal of workload to collect, input and analyze the medical data. These platforms are not able to support the requirements of massive medical data storage, management and analysis. New generation of medical collaboration platforms are collecting and storing more and more data of patients. To solve the problem, this article proposes Cloud based Medical Collaboration Platform (CMCP). It supports massive medical data management and computation intensive work such as 3D volume rendering using hybrid resource management method. Also, it provides a scalable high-performance medical collaboration environment by supporting auto-scaling engine. We shows the results of implementing the auto-scaling engine in our platform where dynamic resource allocation. One of the most important attribute of cloud based medical collaboration platform is its response time. We demonstrate the performance of our CMCP in an experimental evaluation. Auto-scaling engine of CMCP has the potential to increase the usability of medical collaboration task while efficient resource utilization.

The aim of the study was to clone and express endoglucanase from a new species of B. pumilus SS2014 in E. coli. A gene encoding endoglucanase was amplified through PCR consisting of an open reading frame of 738 nucleotides which encoded 246 amino acids with molecular mass of 27 kDa. The cloning was carried out into pET-32a for its expression in E. coli BL21. The purified enzyme showed optimum activity at 60 °C and pH 9. The Km was 1.78 µmol and Vmax was 73 µM/min with carboxymethyl cellulose. The results showed that the endoglucanase activity was increased by Na+, Mg2+, and Zn2+, decreased by K+, Cu2+. The endoglucanase activity was suppressed by EDTA. The recombinant enzyme showed much better characteristics as compared to wild type. Therefore, it has a potential to applications in broad spectrum of industry due to its alkalophilic and thermophilic stability.

The design and implementation stages of a redundant robotized manipulator with six Degrees Of Freedom (DOF), controlled with visual feedback by means of computational software, is presented. The various disciplines involved in the design and implementation of the manipulator are highlighted in their electric as well as mechanical aspects. Then the kinematics equations that govern the position and orientation of each link of the manipulator are determined. The programming of an artificial vision system and of an interface that control the manipulator is designed and implemented. Finally, functional tests that validate the correct operation of the whole robotized system are carried out.

This article is based on a research project carried out with tenth and eleventh grade students from a private institution in Bogotá, D. C., Colombia. The main objective was to observe the contribution of challenge problems to the development of advanced mathematical thinking. To achieve this goal, many different activities were designed that have interesting, motivating problems whose solutions required advanced mathematical thinking processes, such as abstraction, representation and modeling, among others. It also required developing mechanisms of what the APOE theory has called reflexive abstraction. Three themes were chosen for the development of the activities: the invariance principle, the function concept and the role of definitions. In this line of thought, it was presented a second objective in the research project: that students better the understanding of the function concept and the invariance concept, the use of formal definitions and the construction of more rigorous justifications.\n\nDuring the project it was observed how students adapt their thinking processes to face challenge problems -or not routine problems- that require more complex processes than solving an exercise or applying a particular algorithm or rule. Challenge problems test students’ mathematical ingenuity and creativity and contribute to potentiate advance mathematical thinking.

Poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) was modified by reacting with sulfapyridine. The sulfapyridine containing PVA (S0) was reacted with palladium to form a series of new polymer complex samples. The polymer containing sulfapyridine and its Pd-polymer samples were characterized by IR, 1H-NMR, TGA, DTA, XRD, XPS, SEM and TEM. The IR spectral data showed that the Pd ions were coordinated to the polymeric matrix through C=O, OH, NH2 and SO2. The morphology of the polymer and its Pd-Polymer samples was investigated by x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The pure polymer and its Pd-polymer samples have been evaluated for in vitro antibacterial activity against selected medically important gram negative and gram positive bacterial and antifungal activity against few pathogenic fungal species.

Resource provisioning in Cloud computing often requires an estimate of the capacity needs of VM(Virtual Machine). The estimated VM size is the basis for allocating resources commensurate with demand. General cloud service provider creates virtual machine with following steps: get request from client, get suitable virtual machine image, configure hardware specification, boot virtual machine, and return operation authority to client. Though this series of virtual machine creation process is useful to make specific kind of virtual machine, it takes too long time to provide resource immediately. In this paper, we propose a new virtual resource request prediction system called ARMP(Adaptive Resource Management Platform) which supports very fast virtual resource provisioning service on Cloud computing. It provides two kinds of resource request prediction module, pattern matching predictor and probabilistic predictor. Pattern matching predictor analyzes continuous series of previous resource requests to predict the number of next resource requests. Probabilistic predictor divides request history into several chunks by hour, day, and month to predict long-term resource usage pattern. ARMP finds which one is more proper method by analyzing previous resource request and prediction history. For the experiment and evaluation, our platform is evaluated by different type of resource usage pattern from virtual request generator. Both probabilistic predictor and pattern matching predictor returns rational output.