Cherubism is a rare genetic disease of dominant autosomal inheritance with variable clinical expressivity. \nA case of familial cherubism affecting two children in a family (brother and sister), with variable clinical involvement, is presented as follows. The 10 year old girl had facial asymmetry, swelling, and deformation of the right angular region of mandible. The CT scan revealed expansive multiple osteolytic areas on the right side of the mandibular angle; unerupted and displaced teeth and very discrete osteolytic lesions on the left angular side of the mandible. The histopathological examination showed fibro-vascular collagenous connective tissue with dispersion of giant cells. A 9 years old boy the brother was brought due to bilateral swelling of the mandible, accompanied by swelling and deformation of the maxilla, which was more evident on the right side. The CT scan showed osteolytic areas on both sides of the mandible and the maxilla.

A novel method is proposed to establish multi-class classifier for diseases images recognition. Firstly, fruit fly optimization algorithm (FOA) and support vector machine (SVM) are briefly introduced; and then FOA is used to optimize parameters of SVM and binary classifier is constructed based on FOA-SVM; finally, multi-class classifier is established by some binary FOA-SVMs using one versus rest (OVR) structure. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, the normal SVM method and other classification methods have been chosen as comparing algorithms. The experimental results show that the proposed method can improve the classification accuracy of medical images and only need less time.

The present study of effects of environmental conditions on insect succession on dead dog in arid sub-tropical was proceeded from 15 may to 25, 2013. In this study the total average Humidity 39.9%, total minimum and maximum temperature (30.9±1.9- 37.8±1.7) and total rainfall 3.8mm were recorded. It was observed that environmental conditions have greatly influenced on dead body. Insect larvae and adults activities were affected by temperature, rain fall and humidity. Fluctuations in temperature and humidity have increased the removal of flesh and skin and increased decomposition rate, morning and evening low temperature and high humidity have produced dew that made the body soft for flies and beetles to remove it easily. Low temperature and high humidity greatly increased the numbers of flies at morning time and beetles at evening time while high temperature and low humidity ceased the activities of insects at noon time. Rainfall stopped the arrival of insects and interfered larval activities and also stimulated larva migration from the carcass

Acute rejection after reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) using allograft combined with bioscrew. Herein, we present a case of such disastrous complication after ACL reconstruction. A 27-year-old man patient presented with the skin rash, persistent fever, synovial proliferation, aseptic inflammation, and unhealed incision. Negative results for serial bacterial cultures and smear examinations are obtained for synovial fluid (SF) and peripheral blood. Therefore, he underwent arthroscopic debridement, removal of the graft and internal fixators, irrigation and suction drainage, successively .The synovium and the tissues around the tibial incision were examined by histological analysis, there is significant chronic inflammation, with necrosis and calcification but it has never infected.\nThe tibial incision presented with effusion and granuloma two months later. At last, removal a portion of the graft and bioscrew, irrigation and suction drainage, using a skin flap in the repair of skin coloboma,successively.\nThe patient got solid arthrodesis of the affected knee without rejection at 90 days after the initial operation. In addition, a review of the literature regarding case reports of acute rejection after ACL reconstruction is presented.

In this paper, we introduce the notions of $L$-fuzzy\npre-uniformities, $L$-fuzzy closure operators and\n $L$-fuzzy interior operators.\n We study some relationships among previous structures. In particular, we investigate\nthe $L$-fuzzy pre-uniformities induced by $L$-fuzzy closure\noperators and\n $L$-fuzzy interior operators. We study $L$-fuzzy closure operators and\n $L$-fuzzy interior operators induced by\n $L$-fuzzy pre-uniformities. We give their examples.

The analysis, implementation and evaluation of different algorithms for position control of an educational robotized manipulator are presented. Issues such as constitutive elements, morphology, kinematics, dynamics and control of robotized manipulators are approached. Position control algorithms that allow the robot to follow trajectories faced with different desired set points are designed and programmed. A comparison and practical evaluation of the robot\'s performance according to the control algorithms used is made, allowing to know the advantages and disadvantages of the controllers used, which are implemented on the MatLab/Simulink programming platform.

The authors study the relationship between bullying among students, their self-concept and interpersonal trust within family based on the sample of 484 students aged between 9 and 14 from Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia. The three key findings have been reached. Firstly, students who in their answers to Olweus BVQ (Bully–Victim Questionnaire, 1993) stated that they were most likely victims are better at school than students who stated that they were bullies. Secondly, by combining the relationships of victims and bullies, it has been found that bullying is connected to the lower self-concept and interpersonal trust within family. The third finding, which has been reached by regression analysis, illustrates that along with age (grade and age) student victimization falls and that academic self-concept, interpersonal trust within family and sex predetermine bullying behavior of students in a negative way, while the state and both father’s and mother’s qualifications predetermine bullying behavior in a positive way. Besides these findings, the paper raises a series of new research questions, and at the end of it the authors point out the restrictions of this study.

The design, construction and implementation of a bipedal robot with eleven degrees of freedom that has hips, knees, ankles and feet is presented. This robot was built from simple parts and with an easily assembled structure; an electronic system that allows its easy control was also created. The robot\'s control algorithms are designed using MatLab/Simulink software, and after being simulated they are validated and implemented in the robot, which can then move from place to place.

In this paper, an efficient method namely (G′/G)-expansion method for solving the fractional Klein-Gordon type equations is considered. The fractional derivative is described in the Jumarie\'s modified Riemann- Liouville sense. We obtain the hyperbolic and periodic function solutions of the nonlinear Klein-Gordon and time fractional Klein Gordon equations. Our methods can be used in studying many other fractional equations.

An alternative fuel to petrodiesel must be technically feasible, economically competitive, environmentally-friendly, and easily available. This research are to extract oil from coconut copra (dry flesh), carry-out a physicochemical characterization of the coconut oil, Trans-esterify the coconut oil with ethanol, carry-out a physicochemical characterization of the ethyl esters produced and to investigate the trans-esterification reaction rate of the varied oil/ethanol volumetric ratios of 1:6, 1:3, 1:2, 1:1.5 and 1:1. The result revealed the moisture content of 14.99% while the oil yield and ethyl ester yield were 14.13 and 89.55% respectively for the kernel. The coconut oil has a specific gravity of 0.8825 and viscosity of 35.04 mm2/s at 40oC. The flash point, cloud point and pour point of oil are 220oC, 24oC and 23oC respectively. The coconut oil showed an acid value of 2.24 mgKOH/g, saponification value of 273.38 mgKOH/g, peroxide value of 3.02 meq/kg, iodine value of 9.11 mgI2/g and free fatty acid content of 5.64%. The coconut oil ethyl ester, has a specific gravity of (0.86), viscosity (6.00 mm2/s), cetane number (71), flash point (132oC), cloud point (-5oC), pour point (-10oC), ash content (0.02%), refractive index (1.43) conductivity (0.00 μS/cm) and heat of combustion (36.79 MJ/kg). The ethyl ester has an acid value of 0.25 mgKOH/g, saponification value of 218.08 mgKOH/g, peroxide value of 1.50 meq/kg and iodine value of 1.91 mgI2/g. The progress curve for the trans-esterification of varied oil/ethanol volumetric ratio of 1:6, 1:3, 1:2, 1:1.5 and 1:1, showed that as the reaction time increased the concentration of glycerol produced during the reaction increased (indicating progress of the reaction) until it came to a point at which the curve became horizontal (indicating the end point/ completion of the reaction or depletion of the oil). The highest reaction rate constant (0.415) was observed in 1:6 oil to ethanol volumetric ratio while the lowest (0.1006) was observed in 1:1 oil to ethanol volumetric ratio. The kinetic parameter (km and vmax) of the NaOH catalysed trans-esterification are 6.25 ml/ml ratio and 0.94 mg/kg/min respectively. Coconut oil could be considered a viable raw material for biodiesel production; this is due to the fact that its ethyl ester (biodiesel) meets the standard specification of the American Society for Testing and Material (ASTM)

In higher institution, the significance of school image, student expectation and campus environment, can never be over-emphasised as this has major influence on the student satisfaction. The previous research that has been done in the field of higher education has focused a lot on student satisfaction little research has been done on student image, student expectation and campus environment on student satisfaction. Therefore, this study aims to explore student image, student expectation and campus environment as the factors that lead to students’ satisfaction in institutions of higher learning in South African universities. Using a data set of 320 from students in universities in Johannesburg, this study examines these relationships. Amos 22.0 software was used in Structural Equation Modeling technique to statistically analyse the measurement and structural models. The findings from the data analysis proved that there is a strong positive relationship between all three hypotheses.

In this paper, we investigate the relations among $L$-fuzzy\ncotopogenous orders, $L$-fuzzy closure operators and $L$-fuzzy\ncotopologies on a strictly two-sided, commutative quantale.\nMoreover, we investigate the relations among $L$-fuzzy topogenous\norders, $L$-fuzzy interior operators and $L$-fuzzy topologies. In\nparticular, we study some functorial relationships among previous\nspaces. We give their examples.

In the present study, we employ four static and dynamic models, which are the Sample Covariance Model(SCM), Implicit Factor Model(IFM), Implicit Factor GARCH model(IFGM) and full-factor multivariate GARCH Model(FFMGM), to build up suitable portfolios of the mutual fund and calculate the covariance matrix and returns for each period mutual fund. The sample is drawn from the data base of Taiwan Economic Journal. Furthermore, based on the criteria of value at risk(VaR) and benchmark-relative value at risk(BRVaR) of the improved Sharpe ratio, we might find more efficient covariance matrix portfolios model of the mutual fund in order to obtain higher and stable returns in the mutual fund market. Empirically we find out that the average returns and improved Sharpe ratio in FFMGM is higher than those in three other approaches. In other words, FFMGM could relatively increase returns and efficiently control the risk of the investment in the mutual fund market.

The main aim of this paper is to give the integral representations for the so called multidimensional positive definite functions defined on the product of hypergroups. We obtain some necessary and sufficient conditions that guarantees the product of multidimensional positive definite functions defined on the product of hypergroups is also multidimensional positive definite. Also, we prove that a continuous function with compact support ? is multidimensional positive definite on the product of hypergroups if and only if exp(t?) is multidimensional positive definite for each t > 0. Moreover, we give some relations between the class of multidimensional completely monotonic functions and the set of multidimensional ?? positive functions on the product of hypergroups. Finally, we find the integral representations of multidimensional completely monotonic functions and multidimensional ?? positive functions on the product of hypergroups.

Organic agriculture which is one of the prominent alternative agriculture systems that are environmentally friendly, aims to repair the environment’s deteriorating balance with entirely natural methods and using equity. Today, conscious consumers whose numbers are significantly increasing every day, are turning to consumption of organic products for healthy living land and water. Thus, healthy and natural nutrition concept which has entered into our daily lives with the development of organic agriculture increases its importance. In this study, it is aimed to determine the organic product consumption trends of consumers and examining some marketing characteristics. Therefore, the data that will be examined is collected from 240 consumers by using questionnaires in the organic product markets in İstanbul and Bursa provinces. According to the data analyses, there are slight differences between the preferences of female and male consumers and mostly middle aged and older consumers with higher education and high income levels consume organic products. In organic product marketing it is needed to improve product quality, regulate market places and decreasing marketing margins in favour of consumers.

An operator I is said to be an averaging (or mean-value) operator on\na set K of analytic functions in |z|<1, if I[f](0)=f(0) and\nI[f](|z|<1)is contained in co{f(|z|<1)} for all f in K. In this work\nwe consider the class SP(alpha) of functions defined in J. Sokol, A.\nWisniowska, On some classes of starlike functions related with\nparabola, Folia Sci. Univ. Tech. Resov. 28(1993) 35--42, which is\nconnected with the class of uniformly convex functions introduced by\nA. W. Goodman in On uniformly convex functions, Ann. Polon. Math.\n56(1991) 87-92. We discuss the properties of functions in this\nclass. We find that each function in SP(alpha) generate an averaging\nintegral operator on the class of analytic functions vanishing at 0.\nWe get similar results in the classes of univalent functions related\nto conic regions.

Aim of the research is to demonstrate the range of women of different ethnicity facing different kinds of violence in Tepecik district of İzmir city, Turkey. The survey prepared for this definitive research has concerned about sociodemographic variables of the participants. It has been evolved on the bases of Scooping Form on Domestic Violence among the Women. Participants are women, older than 15 years, who had applied to Izmir Tepecik Research and Education Hospital for the reason of any type of domestic violence during four months period in 2013. Total 602 women accompanied in the research and most of them were married (n: 457, 75.9%). 281 of the women (46.7%) had chance to meet and know their husband before marriage, 242 of them (40.2%) had an arranged marriage. Ethnicity of the women were mostly Turkish (n:266, 44.2%) and Gypsies (n:219, 36.4%). In the last one year period 304 women (50.5%) have been discovered to exposed verbal violence, 164 women (27.2%) have been exposed to physical violence, 152 women (25.2%) have been defined to exposed economical violence, 72 women (12.0%) have been exposed to sexual violence. Understating the domestic violence and providing appropriate nurturing and service to the victims is one of the main responsibility of the health care personals.

This research work is aimed for selection of best useable open source ERP system. We have selected three open source project those are ADempiere, iDempiere, Plazma. We have chosen a Heuristic Evaluation technique for usability testing of our selected ERP systems. Our main goal of this research is to find out the best usable system of all selected ERP systems and it helps us to make a decision of our future research and development of the selected ERP system. In this study, literature is reviewed and as per our finding not much research has been already conducted about usability testing of open source ERP systems. We compared and analyzed different open source ERP systems and extract the conclusion.

The Digital Bridge is a new generation of DC resistance test instrument for cables and wires. It can automatically select the electric current according to dierent cables and wires, and displays the test results rapidly. This paper designs a kind of digital electric bridge instrument with self-calibration based on ARM9 core processor. This instru- ment can complete high-speed data acquisition, data recording and processing functions, and possesses custom RS232 based communication protocol for data communication with the host computer. In order to eliminate the error of ADC chip and improve the measurement accuracy, the instrument uses a self-calibration method on both hardware and software.

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The theory of generalized thermoelasticity, based on the theory of Lord and Shulman with one relaxation time, is used to solve boundary value problems of one-dimensional layer and semi-infinite elastic medium with boundary subjected to non-uniform heat conduction. The governing partial differential equations are solved in the Laplace transform domain by the state space approach of the modern control theory. The inverse Laplace transforms are obtained numerically. The temperature, the displacement and the stress distributions are represented graphically.