This article present the results of a practical application to calculate the uncertainty on a measurement system, over the semiautomatic functional test station. This by using Series of Taylor and Bayesian inference methodologies. The main objective is to compare the obtained uncertainty values of the measurement system to determine the behavior of the variation on the functional test results thru the time.

The Huge financial requirements to cover the Egyptian countryside with wastewater collection and treatment systems is becoming a real problem where extensive discussions are going and decentralized solutions might be considered as one of the preferable alternatives. A case study to assess and enhance the performance of compact wastewater treatment plants as one of the decentralized applications is presented in this study. Re use of treated effluent and its compatibility to the national and international regulation was also assisted. Samples were collected from the different treatment stages of a compact wastewater treatment plant serving a country side area adjacent to Cairo, Egypt. The early results of the samples analyses showed sever deterioration of the plant performance consequently the effluent quality. Immediate rehabilitation was recommended and carried out where results of analyses showed great improvement where removal efficiency of BOD, COD, and TSS reached up to 85%, 86%, and 86% respectively. The effluent quality after rehabilitation met the limits of the Egyptian Code for treated wastewater reuse and the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) limits as well. Effluent quality was safe enough to be reused in watering the surrounding green landscape of the neighborhood area. The study shows the importance of the continuous monitoring of the operation and maintenance of the compact wastewater treatment plants as well as dealing with the intermittent influent flows.

Exaggerated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production may contribute to acetic acid-induced duodenal injury. Antioxidant water (AW) containing dissolved molecular hydrogen with safely antioxidant activity may protect duodenal tissue against oxidative injury. We produced AW by using a modified magnesium alloy to evaluate the H2O2 and HOCl scavenging activity in vitro and the effects of AW drinking on acetic acid-induced duodenal ulcer in rats in vivo. We established a duodenal ulcer model in female Wistar rats with 70 μL of 100% acetic acid, which was applied for 10 s to the mucosa surface of the duodenum. We determined the oxidative parameters by using a chemiluminescence analyzer, pathology and immunohistochemistry. The expression of duodenal manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) was measured in scrapings of rat proximal duodenal mucosa in the acetic acid induced duodenal ulceration. We found that the established AW contained dissolved molecular hydrogen around 50 ppb and displayed a lower redox potential (<-150 mV) and efficient H2O2, not HOCl scavenging activity comparing with distilled water or tap water. Acetic acid evoked severely duodenal ulcer and collagen deposition after 1 day and 3 days of injury leading to a body weight loss. Daily AW drinking significantly attenuated the body weight loss and duodenal fibrosis and efficiently preserved duodenal integrity and MnSOD expression when compared to tap water drinking. In summary, we conclude that the AW drinking confers duodenal protective capability possibly by the direct scavenging ability of dissolved molecular hydrogen and the preservation of MnSOD expression in the duodenum.

Exaggerated reactive oxygen species (ROS) may contribute to renal injury by the enhancement of pro-apoptotic Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. Electrolyzed reduced water containing rich molecular hydrogen may provide antioxidant protection against chronic renal failure-evoked oxidative stress. To identify the free radical scavenging ability of electrolyzed-reduced water in vitro and in vivo, we applied an ultrasensitive chemiluminescence analyzer to analyze superoxide anion amounts in the in vitro xanthine-xanthine oxidase-lucigenin system for in vitro whole blood and kidney homogenates, and in the MCLA detection from in vivo kidney subjected to chronic renal failure (5/6 nephrectomy). Several oxidative stresses were also evaluated by using a western blot and immunohistochemistry. An in situ nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT) perfusion technique was adapted for demonstration de novo and co-localization of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in rat kidneys subjected to chronic renal failure. Our data showed that electrolyzed reduced water contains 35 ppb dissolved hydrogen and pH > 9.0. The results from in vitro and in vivo showed that chronic renal failure increased ROS production, potentiated apoptotic mechanisms, including increases in the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, Caspase 3 expression, and apoptosis formation, and subsequently resulted in kidney injury. The increased level of ROS detected on the renal surface was correlated with that in NBT accumulation in renal tissue and blood ROS and these parameters were reduced by a daily intake of electrolyzed reduced water. These results conclude that ROS and apoptosis produced in significant amounts in chronic renal failure can be partially inhibited by daily hydrogen-rich electrolyzed reduced water drinking.

To phenomenally understand the basic sedimentation mechanism of physically processed Makgeolli via fed-batch low-pressure homogenization-based pasteurization (LHBP), the main properties of both gravitational settling and hindered settling were examined and calculated based on the restricted format of two phase dispersion. Specifically, independent of open/closed LHBP scales, the free settling degree (or terminal value) of natural settling was attributively observed as approximately 7.29ⅹ10-6 m/s based on colloidal interferences. In addition, the Reynolds number (Re) of LHBP’s hindered settling cascades was predicted as below 2 (with laminar flux-based mainstreams) at fixed temperature. Practically, the free velocity (m/s) of final settling was predicted as approximately 2.23ⅹ10-8. Lastly, the advanced semicontinuous LHBP program for commercially normalized Makgeolli may result in bringing stability to mixed particle suspension and contribute to mass production (with marketability).

This study aimed to develop a highly efficient and compact sewage treatment plant in compliance with the international standard (MEPC. 227(64)). This will also help solve the ship sewage problem, which is a major issue that future ship technology needs to address. 1 ton/day capacity pilot plants were operated to remove nutrients from the shipboard sewage in the existing treatment plants installed in a large passenger ship, which can carry more than 300 passengers, based on the International Maritime Organization (IMO) International Convention guidelines to improve water quality in the coastal areas. For effective shipboard sewage treatment, the technology required to install a treatment plant in a confined space includes the application and operation of SBR-MBR condensation. Moreover, the removal efficiency was assessed by improving the experimental conditions (Conditions 1-4) for which night soil wastewater was used. In the study results of Condition 4, the outflow water concentration and the removal efficiency to the inflow water of BOD5, and CODCr, T-N, and T-P were 16.0 mg/L, 68.4 mg/L, 81.5% and 93.3%, respectively, showing that the water quality criteria for shipboard sewage treatment as suggested in Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC) 227(64) were fulfilled. This method is considered to be the applicable technology for the ships that can carry 300 passengers and if it is scaled up in the future. This method can also enhance eutrophication in coastal waters.

The study focuses on the usage of social story among Asperger’s children. The objectives of the study were to identify and discuss the utterances among the Asperger children. The samples of the study consist of six subjects at one of the local schools in Nottingham, United Kingdom. A social story was storytold in twenty minutes a day for two weeks. After two weeks, the subjects were asked on their activity that they had the day before. The results of the study showed that all the six subjects understood the story and they seemed to copy or follow the action from the story. It can be seen that the subjects were happy to help in the house and socialize with their parents and sibling. The results revealed that social story helps Asperger children in better understanding of their behaviour in their own family and will hopefully be used among their friends at school. This will help them in their future social life. It is hoped that futher studies will focus on social stories that relate to foklore to enhance the Asperger children learning in the classroom.

The region of Sidi bel Abbes is cyclically confronted with flood events caused by the Mekerra wadi floods. These floods occur catastrophically thus constituting a major constraint to economic and social development. They are the most destructive natural disasters, causing loss of human life and important material.\nUrban areas with high population concentration, such as Sidi Bel Abbes city, Mouley Slissen, Sidi Ali Benyoub and others are threatened by devastating floods that are sometimes aggravated by human action (bed occupancy of wadi, changing the natural course of the river).\nSeveral factors come into play in Genesis flood as topography, geology, hydrology and meteorology,etc.\nReducing the damage caused by these calamities requires the consideration of all the areas with the risk of floodability and predisposing factors and boosting the extent of the damage and losses caused by these disasters. Among the means to fight against this phenomenon; the Slow Dynamics is a tool that gave satisfaction worldwide (BOUBEE Y, 2006, CEMAGREF, 2004 POULARD C, 2008). Through this article we have tried to propose this way in management, mastery of floods and mobilization of surface water in the region of Sidi Bel Abbes.

This contribution investigates how a country can leave the European Union and what the difficulties are with Article 50 of TEU. ( Treaty European Union ) Has the Union any experience at all with dealing with a matter like this? The question of the withdrawal of the United Kingdom furthermore leads this article to consider the alternatives, namely, how can a country become a member of EFTA (European Free Trade Association) and the EEA (European Economic Area) ? Whatever the case may be, Brexit is an event of historic proportions that may have an enormous impact on the political and institutional functioning of Europe.

An investigation was carried out to evaluate the effect of improving the velocity in front of intakes to control the effect of sedimentation on withdrawal water turbidity. The phenomenon of sedimentation is one of the most important problems affecting intakes of water treatment plants. The Nile river is known to be an alluvial river, so pipe intakes are the most affected by sedimentation due to its contribution as an obstacle on the river side which lead to the reduction of water velocity on its side which leads to increase the deposition rate at the intake. On the other hand, any regulation work may be work on increasing the water velocity at the intake site, causes increasing of water turbidity and will lead to increasing of the treatment cost. A comparison between different methods of regulation works such as dredging; spur dike usage on the other side of the intake, and the removal of flow obstructions was carried out to adjust the velocity to reach a proper value. Experimental results indicated that the dredging upstream the pipe intake 50m to 200m downstream the pipe intake with a width of 100 m is a sustainable alternative in economic terms for sediment control. On the other hand using spur dikes as a second sustainable alternative may be desirable in terms of initial cost and river morphological stabilization.

Descriptions of the pineal gland date back to antiquity but its function in humans is still poorly known. Its main product, melatonin, is synthesized and released rhythmically, during the dark phase of the circadian cycle. The most important function of melatonin in mammals is to transmit information concerning light-dark cycles as an active neuroendocrine transducer of environmental information. Some factors are linked to higher melatonin secretion such as female sex, hypogonadism, sport and fasting. There are some factors other than light which decrease concentration of this hormone. These are electromagnetic fields, age, male sex, Cushing syndrome, some medicines and alcoholism. Therefore, the research aimed at studying the circadian rhythm of melatonin in human and animal exposed to magnetic fields of different parameters. The results of the review seem to support the hypothesis that the response of pineal gland to lf mf may depend on field strength, frequency, shape of impulse and application system as well as duration and timing of exposure. There is also a possibility to consider the impact of parameters such as the type of polarization or vector.