This study compared the level of hearing loss of middle-aged female sanitation workers depending on their hearing thresholds and aging based on the pure tone audiometry and speech audiometry. In particular, the study targeted sanitation workers and researched the correlation between their service years and working environment and hearing loss. The number of research subjects was 58. The service years of the subjects were approximately seven years and 13.8 % experienced tinnitus. Approximately 60 % were taking drugs for insomnia, diabetes and hypertension. Most of the subjects, about 90 %, were spending most of their spare time after work watching TV for more than three hours. More than 40 % of the subjects watched TV on a volume that was subjectively higher than the medium volume. For their sanitation work, the subjects used a detergent that contains hypochlorite (NaOCl) and approximately 75 % of the subjects used the detergent for average an hour a day. However, there was no statistical significance with the detergent.

Microglia have an effective anti-oxidation defense mechanism to prevent reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated cellular damage. D- Methionine (Met) has previously been exploited as a ROS scavenger to protect cells from oxidation and has been implicated in caloric restriction and aging. In the present study, we demonstrated that D-Met attenuates lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced neuro-inflammation in microglia. Our results revealed that D-Met protects against LPS-induced inflammation in an nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)-mediated manner. D-Met can protect mouse microglia from LPS-induced activation by creating an imbalance in redox homeostasis. Taken together, our results suggest that D-Met regulates microglia-mediated neuro-inflammation.

Backgruond: Bilateral spastic children have deficits of mobility, transfer, self- care and hand function activities. Smart tablet applications are one of the innovative technologies in medical community and rehabilitation have the potential to facilitate the function activities through motivating performance. Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of smart tablet applications on hand function in bilateral spastic children. Methods: Twelve bilateral spastic cerebral palsied children were selected from CAP center in Jeddah, participated in this study. The chlidren were assigned randomly into two equal groups; control group and study group. All patients were assessed for functional performance by grasping subtest of peabody developmental motor scale 2 (PDMS-2) and for grip and pinch power by hand held dynamometer. Both groups received traditional physical therapy program. Additionaly the study group received training by 4 different applications for the smart tablet. The treatment continued for eight successive weeks, three times a week. Results: The findings showed a significant increase in the mean values of grasping subtest of standard score PDMS-2, grip and pinch power after treatment in the study group, but the results showed no significant diffrences between control and study groups in the measuring variables. Conclusion: smart tablet applications, in addition to traditional physical therapy program, are effective in improving hand function of the bilateral spastic cerebral palsied children.

The “A Mobile Crowd Sensing Platform(MCSP) Design to generate a Personalized Knowledge Map for the convenience of life” proposed in this paper proposes a Crowd Sensing Platform considering not only spatial data collection but also spatial knowledge acquisition, spatial knowledge update-cycle and spatial knowledge propagation. This Platform consists of 5 phases. First, it designs a Crowd based Knowledge Information Routing phase to reduce the overhead of Backend Server by preventing duplicate process for a knowledge information request transferred to a Cloud in real time. Second, it designs a Location based Knowledge Map Generation and Allocation phase generating and allocating location based information and a location based local map by receiving Crowd sensing Data from Task attenders. Third, it designs local spatial knowledge collection and analysis phase generating a spatial knowledge and analysis map through the analysis of Crowd Sensing Data. Fourth, it designs a personalized map generation phase reducing the cost of data transmission by transferring the big spatial data result processed in the Backend Server of a Cloud in the form of tile vector and image. Fifth, it design a map update-cycle setting phase by a moving mode by detecting the singular point of a motion with the inner sensors of a Smartphone and deciding moving motion. Therefore, The Platform proposed in this paper generates more exact local information and reduces unnecessary information generation and data resource waste according as task attenders increases.

Abstract- With the increasing demands of network services from data processing such as cloud services, IoT, Big Data and 5G, a Software Defined Network (SDN) is an indispensable tool for large enterprises (such as Google, NEC) to build cloud services. The SDN provides a novel web interface with a global view of overhead network routing algorithms, network throughput and network connectivity. This study provides a novel SDN dynamic routing algorithm, called Hierarchical Array Routing Path algorithm (HARP). HARP adopts hierarchical and array multi-path allocation in SDN-WAN, thus reducing the waiting time between packet transmission and the overhead size. A testbed is implemented using OpenDayLight as an OpenFlow Controller, and constructed with the Mininet emulator, OpenvSwitch, D-ITG and Wireshark. Simulation results are compared with those of OSPF and Hertiana’s proposed Flow-Based Routing (SBR). Comparison results demonstrate that HARP has the shortest waiting time, while HARP has an overhead size about 7% smaller than SBR on average. However, OSPF has better in overhead size reduction than HARP and SBR, because more switches means a larger overhead size. However, HARP algorithm is still better than SBR.

Objectives: To assess the value of serum interleukin-13 (IL-13) levels as an immunological marker in atopic upper respiratory diseases, to clarify its differences in atopic and non atopic bronchial asthma and to determine the role of an Interleukin -13 receptor alpha 1 (IL-13 R α1) gene single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (A1398G) in the pathogenesis of these diseases. Methods: Seventy-five patients were compared with 25 age-matched healthy volunteers. Serum total immunoglobulin E (Ig E) and IL-13 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and the IL-13 R α1 gene (A1398 G) was screened by specific polymerase chain reaction. Results: There was a non significant association between G allele frequencies of the IL-13 R α1 (1398) gene polymorphism (42%, 38% and 30% for atopic asthma, non atopic asthma, and allergic rhinitis, respectively) as compared to in controls. There were a significant increase in the serum level of total IgE& IL-13 towards heterozygous AG and homozygous GG than homozygous AA in atopic asthma, non atopic asthma, and allergic rhinitis patients. There was a significant increase in the serum level of total IgE & IL-13 towards homozygous GG than heterozygous AG in atopic asthma (p= 0.035), non atopic asthma (p=0.014), and allergic rhinitis patients (p=0.003) for IgE and (p < 0.001) in all groups for IL-13 as shown by LSD test. Conclusion: These findings indicate that the interleukin-13 receptor α 1 subunit gene A1398G polymorphism does not contribute to asthma or allergic rhinitis susceptibility, although the interleukin-13 receptor α 1 subunit gene locus might be involved in the control of immunoglobulin E production, while serum interleukin (IL) 13 can be used as an immunological marker in atopic upper respiratory diseases and to differentiate between atopic and non atopic bronchial asthma.