The Industrial Revolution gave rise to large-scale mass-production of goods. Determining the mean body measurement for large-scale construction of garment is still problematic in developing countries. The study is a modest attempt to establish the mean body measurement for a large-scale garment construction for school-age boys in Imo State, Nigeria. A population of 551,960 school-age boys from public primary schools in Imo State was used for the study. Yaro Yamane formula was used to get a sample size of 400. Multi-stage and purposive sampling techniques were used to select the target school-age boys. Tailor’s measuring tape and weighing scale were used to get data on the body measurements of school-age boys. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data. Results showed established mean body measurements of school-age boys in two distinct categories of small and large model sizes as follows: for small model size - chest 74cm, shirt length 48.9cm, pant waist 62.7cm, pant length short 30.3cm, pant length long 62.7cm and crotch length 15.0cm and for large model size- chest 80.2cm, shirt length 54.5cm, pant waist 68.3cm, pant length short 42.3cm pant length long 92.3cm and crotch length 19.8cm. The study recommends that the mean body measurements established for small and large model size be made available to garment makers through their different tailoring associations and also to the proprietors of the public and private primary schools in Imo State, Nigeria.
Purpose: Little is known about the cellular mechanism of the relationship between visceral fat and endothelial function in response to combination and aerobic exercise training. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of a 10-month exercise programme on circulating CD34+ stem cells and visceral fat in middle-aged men with visceral obesity.\nMethods: We recruited 45 middle-aged men (age range, 40–50 years) with visceral obesity. Visceral fat was defined as an abdominal visceral-to-subcutaneous fat ratio ≥0.4. The frequency of exercise for the combined (i.e., yoga, resistance, aerobic, and balance exercises) and aerobic exercise (i.e., walking and running) groups was 3 times per week (i.e., Monday, Wednesday, and Friday). Each 60-minute exercise programme included 10 minutes of warm-up activities and 10 minutes of cool-down activities.\nResults: In the control group, participants were advised to maintain their normal lifestyle during the study. With regard to endothelial progenitor cell responses among the control, combined, and aerobic groups, 2-factor analysis of variance revealed significant interactions (group × time) for circulating CD34+ stem cells, plasma vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and abdominal visceral fat tissue volume (P = 0.010, 0.001, and 0.034, respectively).\nConclusion: The results of this study suggest that continuation of an aerobic exercise programme for 10 months had beneficial effects of increased the percentage of CD34+ stem cells and plasma concentration of VEGF, and decreased visceral fat among middle-aged men with visceral obesity.
Infection with Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is a necessary step in the development of cervical carcinoma. Molecular methods have been developed for early detection of viral nucleic acid in biological samples. However, for screening test there are some limitations in obtaining the cervical smears. This study aimed to detect and genotype HPVs in urine sample from Iraqi women experiencing recurrent vaginitis with vaginal discharge. Urine samples were obtained from 132 sexually active women. Viral DNA was extracted and L1 capsid gene was amplified with consensus set of primers using conventional PCR. The PCR products were subjected to direct sequencing, and the resultant sequences were compared with the reference sequences in database of GenBank. A phylogenetic tree was constructed using MEGA5 software. Single or mixed infections with HPVs were detected in 29 (21.97%) women. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the predominant of high risk types. Of these, HPV type 16 with 8 isolates (20.5%), followed by type 18, 7 isolates (17.95%); type 59, 4 isolates (10.26%) were the most prevalent. This study highly suggests the possibility of using urine samples as screening test for detection of HPV